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進入《中英對照讀新聞》Cannabis smokers warned they risk poorer exam grades 大麻吸食者被警告有考試成績較差的風險
◎管淑平
If you want to do well in your exams, especially maths, don’t smoke dope.
如果你希望考試考好，尤其是數學，就不要抽大麻。
This is the finding of a unique study that is likely to be fiercely debated by those in favour of and those against the liberalisation of cannabis laws.
這是一份獨特研究的發現，而這論點可能會受到支持和反對大麻解禁法激烈論戰。
Economists Olivier Marie of Maastricht University and Ulf Zölitz of IZA Bonn examined what happened in Maastricht in 2011 when the Dutch city allowed only Dutch, German and Belgian passport-holders access to the 13 coffee shops where cannabis was sold.
馬斯垂克大學經濟學家奧利佛．馬利與波昂勞動研究所的烏爾夫．佐里茲，檢視2011年荷蘭馬斯垂克僅允許荷蘭、德國和比利時公民在該地13家販售大麻的咖啡館消費。
The temporary restrictions were introduced because of fears that nationals from other countries, chiefly France and Luxembourg, were visiting the city simply to smoke drugs, which would tarnish its genteel image.
實施這項暫時性的限制，是因為擔心以法國和盧森堡為主的其他國家公民專門到該市抽大麻，而損其優雅形象。
After studying data on more than 54,000 course grades achieved by students from around the world who were enrolled at Maastricht University before and after the restrictions were introduced, the economists came to a striking conclusion.
研究設限前後共5萬4000多名從世界各地到馬斯垂克大學就讀學生的課業成績，這些經濟學家得出令人驚訝的結論。
In a paper recently presented at the Royal Economic Society conference in Manchester they revealed that those who could no longer legally buy cannabis did better in their studies.
他們近日在曼徹斯特皇家經濟學會會議上發表的報告指出，研究中那些無法再合法購買大麻者的成績較好。
Interestingly, Marie and Zölitz found the effects were even more pronounced when it came to particular disciplines. “The policy effect is five times larger for courses requiring numerical/mathematical skills,” the pair write.
有意思的是，馬利和佐立茲發現，這種效果在特定學科上又更顯著。「對於要求數字／計算技巧的科目來說，這項政策效應大5倍。」
新聞辭典：
dope：（俚語）名詞，大麻、毒品；動詞，使用興奮劑。又有蠢蛋、內幕消息、很讚或很酷的之意。例句：Your are such a dope. （你真是個大蠢蛋。）
tarnish：動詞，使晦暗，敗壞（聲譽）。例句： His reputation has been tarnished by the racist remarks.（這番種族歧視言論損及他的名聲。）
pronounced：形容詞，顯著的、明確的、決斷的。例句：The taste of raw garlic is very pronounced.（生大蒜的味道非常明顯。）
