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進入《中英對照讀新聞》New dilemma in Russia：Where to buy beer? 俄羅斯新困境：何處可買啤酒？
◎陳維真
A big question in Russia in 2013 may be ’’How do I get a beer around here?’’ Under a law that took effect on New Year’s Day, selling beer at the ubiquitous kiosks that mushroomed along Russian sidewalks and roadsides after the collapse of the Soviet Union has been banned.
俄羅斯2013年的一個大問題可能是「附近哪裡有賣啤酒？」依據新年生效的新法，小賣亭禁止販賣啤酒。自蘇聯解體後，小賣亭如雨後春筍般冒出，在路邊和人行道隨處可見。
Though the tiny makeshift shops lost their importance as conventional stores got more of a foothold, new laws could deal a finishing blow to a symbol of the country’s lively and disorderly post-communist free market.
儘管這種小型臨時商店在傳統商店站穩腳跟後失去重要性，新法更可能對這個生氣勃勃、毫無秩序的後共產自由市場象徵形成最後一擊。
In a measure meant to address Russia’s high rate of problem drinking, beer now can be purchased only at restaurants, cafes and stores of at least 50 square meters. The law also changes beer’s classification from a food to an alcoholic beverage, meaning it can’t be sold in any store from 11 p.m. to 8 a.m. It also cracks down on casual consumption of alcohol, forbidding it in public spaces.
這項措施旨在對付俄羅斯層出不窮的酗酒問題，現在只能在餐廳、咖啡、或至少50平方公尺大的商店買到啤酒。這項法律也將啤酒的分類從食品改成酒精飲料，也就是說，不管在任何店家，晚間11點到早上8點都買不到啤酒。新法也打擊酒精的休閒消費，禁止民眾在公共場所飲酒。
Heavy drinking and smoking are cited as two of the main factors in Russia’s high mortality rate — average life expectancy for males born in 2006 was 60-61, according to a UN Development Program report.
酗酒和吸菸是俄羅斯高死亡率的兩大主要因素，根據聯合國開發計畫署的報告，2006年男性的平均壽命為60至61歲。
Russia has already banned smoking in most enclosed public spaces and the government has increased the minimum prices for vodka. （AP）
俄羅斯已禁止在大多數的密閉公共場所吸菸，政府也調高伏特加酒的最低售價。（美聯社）
新聞辭典
ubiquitous：形容詞，無所不在，隨處可見。例句：Cowboy hats are ubiquitous among the male singers. （到處都可以看到男歌手戴牛仔帽。）
mushroom：動詞，迅速增加、迅速成長。例句：The biotechnology industry has mushroomed over the past decade. （生技產業在過去10年迅速成長。）
cracks down：動詞片語，取締、鎮壓、打擊。例句：The government has cracked down hard on those campaigning for greater democracy. （政府嚴加打擊那些爭取更多民主的人。）
